English grammar PDF

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  • Present tenses
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  • Going to
  • Present perfect tense
  • Past perfect tense
  • Future perfect tense
  • Regular, irregular verbs
  • Modal verbs
  • Passive voice
  • Imperative sentence
  • Would, should, could...
  • Gerunds and infinitives
  • If-conditional
  • Time clauses
  • Relative clauses
  • Direct | indirect object
  • Indirect questions
  • Reported speech

Basic English grammar PDF:

  • Grammar rules with examples
  • Exercises with keys
  • PDF books
  • Beginners to advanced levels

English grammar books PDF


PDF book 1: English tenses exercises

PDF book 2: English grammar exercises

PDF book 3: English grammar rules

Read more about English grammar books PDF on e-grammar.org.


Free PDF exercises (worksheets):

English grammar - PDF worksheets

  • All PDF exercises on this website.

English grammar - PDF tests

  • Marked revision tests on tenses, going to, passive voice, conditionals, reported speech, time clauses, modal verbs, imperative and gerunds vs infinitives.

For beginners to advanced students of English as a second language.

Basic English grammar PDF

Learn basic English grammar rules for students of English as a second language:

Tenses - English grammar PDF (rules)

Grammar rules with examples on all English tenses:

  • Present simple and present continuous
  • Past simple and past continuous
  • Future simple and future continuous
  • Present perfect simple and continuous
  • Past perfect simple and continuous
  • Future perfect simple and continuous

Modal verbs - English grammar PDF (rules)

Can, may, must, have to in positive and negative forms:

  • I can swim very well (abilities). We can help you (possibilities). It can be John (probabilities). You can take it (permissions).
  • May I smoke here (permissions)? They may come tomorrow (probabilities or predictions).
  • You must go there (strong obligations). You must see the film (strong recommendations). It must be John (certainties).
  • British students have to wear uniforms (obligations based on a rule). Mum says you have to do your homework first (obligations based on the authority of another person).

Be able to - English grammar PDF (rules)

'Be able to' in all tenses compared to 'can':

  • Present simple (I am able to do it).
  • Past simple (You were able to do it).
  • Future simple (He will be able to do it).
  • Present perfect (We have been able to do it).
  • Past perfect (They had been able to do it).
  • Future perfect (I will have been able to do it).
  • Conditional (Present: You would be able to do it. Past: You would have been able to do it).

Passive voice - English grammar PDF (rules)

All passive forms compared to active forms:

  • Present simple passive (The car is repaired).
  • Present continuous passive (The houses are being built).
  • Past simple passive (My laptop was broken).
  • Past continuous passive (The road was being cleared).
  • Future simple passive (The parcel will be sent in time).
  • Present perfect passive (The report has been finished).
  • Past perfect passive (The painting had been stolen).
  • Present conditional passive (I would be tired).
  • Past conditional passive (The film would have been made).

Imperative - English grammar PDF (rules)

The first, second and third person imperative sentences and emphatic imperatives.

  • Let me do it. Let's stay here. (the first person imperative)
  • Open your books. Don't sit down. (the second person imperative)
  • Let him go. Let them join us. (the third person imperative)
  • Do be quiet. (emphatic imperative)

Gerunds and infinitives - English grammar PDF (rules)

Gerunds, infinitives with 'to' and bare infinitives.

  • We hope to come on time. (infinitive with 'to')
  • They made me stand up. (bare infinitive - without 'to')
  • He admitted smashing the window. (gerund)
  • I stopped to smoke. I stopped smoking. (infinitive and gerund with different meanings)

Conditional tense - English grammar PDF (rules)

Present and perfect conditionals (would, should, ought to, could, might).

  • It would help me. You should do it. You ought to do it. Dan could | might come tonight. (present conditional)
  • It would have helped me. You should have done it. You ought to have done it. Dan could | might have come yesterday night. (perfect conditional)

If-conditionals - English grammar PDF (rules)

Zero, first, second, third, mixed and inverted conditional sentences:

  • If I go to school, I get up at seven. (zero conditional)
  • If he studies hard, he'll pass the exams. (the first conditional)
  • If I had more time, I would help you. (the second conditional)
  • If he had met her, he would have told her. (the third conditional)
  • If he had left immediately, he would be here now. (mixed conditionals)
  • Were I in your position, I would accept it. (inverted conditional)

Time clauses - English grammar PDF (rules)

Future time clauses:

  • I'll do it when I come back home.
  • While we are cutting the grass you'll pick the apples.
  • As soon as they have repaired our car we will go for a trip.

Relative clauses - English grammar PDF (rules)

Defining, non-defining and connective relative clauses (who, which, that, whose, whom):

  • The man who called you has just arrived. This is the book which I wanted. Are you the boy that lives next door? The river whose bridge is in front of us is called the Cam. The man whom I met yesterday... (defining relative clauses)
  • My father, who is 65 now, still works. His car, which cost nearly 20,000 dollars, is broken. (non-defining relative clauses)
  • I gave the letter to James, who sent it to London. She passed me the salt, which fell on the floor. (connective relative clauses)

Direct and indirect object - English grammar PDF (rules)

Direct and indirect objects in English sentences:

  • Sarah never eats meat. (direct object)
  • Please, call me tomorrow. (indirect object)
  • They gave Harold a new car. They gave him a new car. (indirect and direct objects)
  • They gave a new car to Harold. They gave it to him. (direct and indirect objects)

Indirect questions - English grammar PDF (rules)

Direct versus indirect questions:

  • What did she want? Where was it? (direct questions)
  • Can you tell me what she wanted? Do you remember where it was? (indirect questions)

Reported speech - English grammar PDF (rules)

Direct and indirect speech, reported questions, commands and requests.

  • "I never understand you," she told me. (direct speech) - She told me she never understood me. (reported speech)
  • Mary: "Greg came yesterday." (direct speech) - Mary said that Greg had come the day before. (reported speech)
  • "What time did it start?" he said. (direct question) - He wanted to know what time it had started. (reported question)
  • "Get up!" he said. (command) - He told me to get up. (reported command)
  • "Make coffee, please," he said. (request) - He asked me to make coffee. (reported request)

All these English grammar lessons are written for self-study learners who want to learn basic English grammar for free. They are suitable for beginners to advanced levels.

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