English grammar PDF

Read more about English grammar books PDF on e-grammar.org.

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    English grammar book PDF 1 (Exercises)

    English grammar book PDF 2 (Rules)

    English grammar book PDF 3 (Tenses)

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PDF exercises (worksheets):

English grammar - PDF worksheets

• All PDF exercises on this website.

English grammar - PDF tests

• Marked revision tests on tenses, going to, passive voice, conditionals, reported speech, time clauses, modal verbs, imperative and gerunds vs infinitives.

Learn basic English grammar rules for students of English as a second language:

Tenses - English grammar PDF (rules)

Grammar rules with examples on all English tenses:

• Present simple and present continuous
• Past simple and past continuous
• Future simple and future continuous
• Present perfect simple and continuous
• Past perfect simple and continuous
• Future perfect simple and continuous

Modal verbs - English grammar PDF (rules)

Can, may, must, have to in positive and negative forms:

• I can swim very well (abilities). We can help you (possibilities). It can be John (probabilities). You can take it (permissions).
• May I smoke here (permissions)? They may come tomorrow (probabilities or predictions).
• You must go there (strong obligations). You must see the film (strong recommendations). It must be John (certainties).
• British students have to wear uniforms (obligations based on a rule). Mum says you have to do your homework first (obligations based on the authority of another person).

Be able to - English grammar PDF (rules)

'Be able to' in all tenses compared to 'can':

• Present simple (I am able to do it).
• Past simple (You were able to do it).
• Future simple (He will be able to do it).
• Present perfect (We have been able to do it).
• Past perfect (They had been able to do it).
• Future perfect (I will have been able to do it).
• Conditional (Present: You would be able to do it. Past: You would have been able to do it).

Passive voice - English grammar PDF (rules)

All passive forms compared to active forms:

• Present simple passive (The car is repaired).
• Present continuous passive (The houses are being built).
• Past simple passive (My laptop was broken).
• Past continuous passive (The road was being cleared).
• Future simple passive (The parcel will be sent in time).
• Present perfect passive (The report has been finished).
• Past perfect passive (The painting had been stolen).
• Present conditional passive (I would be tired).
• Past conditional passive (The film would have been made).

Imperative - English grammar PDF (rules)

The first, second and third person imperative sentences and emphatic imperatives.

• Let me do it. Let's stay here. (the first person imperative)
• Open your books. Don't sit down. (the second person imperative)
• Let him go. Let them join us. (the third person imperative)
• Do be quiet. (emphatic imperative)

Gerunds and infinitives - English grammar PDF (rules)

Gerunds, infinitives with 'to' and bare infinitives.

• We hope to come on time. (infinitive with 'to')
• They made me stand up. (bare infinitive - without 'to')
• He admitted smashing the window. (gerund)
• I stopped to smoke. I stopped smoking. (infinitive and gerund with different meanings)

Conditional tense - English grammar PDF (rules)

Present and perfect conditionals (would, should, ought to, could, might).

• It would help me. You should do it. You ought to do it. Dan could | might come tonight. (present conditional)
• It would have helped me. You should have done it. You ought to have done it. Dan could | might have come yesterday night. (perfect conditional)

If-conditionals - English grammar PDF (rules)

Zero, first, second, third, mixed and inverted conditional sentences:

• If I go to school, I get up at seven. (zero conditional)
• If he studies hard, he'll pass the exams. (the first conditional)
• If I had more time, I would help you. (the second conditional)
• If he had met her, he would have told her. (the third conditional)
• If he had left immediately, he would be here now. (mixed conditionals)
• Were I in your position, I would accept it. (inverted conditional)

Time clauses - English grammar PDF (rules)

Future time clauses:

• I'll do it when I come back home.
• While we are cutting the grass you'll pick the apples.
• As soon as they have repaired our car we will go for a trip.

Relative clauses - English grammar PDF (rules)

Defining, non-defining and connective relative clauses (who, which, that, whose, whom):

• The man who called you has just arrived. This is the book which I wanted. Are you the boy that lives next door? The river whose bridge is in front of us is called the Cam. The man whom I met yesterday... (defining relative clauses)
• My father, who is 65 now, still works. His car, which cost nearly 20,000 dollars, is broken. (non-defining relative clauses)
• I gave the letter to James, who sent it to London. She passed me the salt, which fell on the floor. (connective relative clauses)

Direct and indirect object - English grammar PDF (rules)

Direct and indirect objects in English sentences:

• Sarah never eats meat. (direct object)
• Please, call me tomorrow. (indirect object)
• They gave Harold a new car. They gave him a new car. (indirect and direct objects)
• They gave a new car to Harold. They gave it to him. (direct and indirect objects)

Indirect questions - English grammar PDF (rules)

Direct versus indirect questions:

• What did she want? Where was it? (direct questions)
• Can you tell me what she wanted? Do you remember where it was? (indirect questions)

Reported speech - English grammar PDF (rules)

Direct and indirect speech, reported questions, commands and requests.

• "I never understand you," she told me. (direct speech) - She told me she never understood me. (reported speech)
• Mary: "Greg came yesterday." (direct speech) - Mary said that Greg had come the day before. (reported speech)
• "What time did it start?" he said. (direct question) - He wanted to know what time it had started. (reported question)
• "Get up!" he said. (command) - He told me to get up. (reported command)
• "Make coffee, please," he said. (request) - He asked me to make coffee. (reported request)

All these English grammar lessons are written for self-study learners who want to learn basic English grammar for free. They are suitable for beginners - advanced levels.