exercise 1 | exercise 2 | exercise 3 | exercise 4 | exercise 5
exercise 1 | exercise 2 | exercise 3 | exercise 4 | exercise 5
exercise 1 | exercise 2 | exercise 3 | exercise 4
► Present perfect simple form
Positive statement: I have worked, I have written , He has worked, He has written (I've worked, He's worked)
Negative statement: I have not worked (I haven't worked), He has not worked (He hasn't worked)
Question form: Have you worked?
Negative question: Have you not worked? (Haven't you worked?)
We make it with the verb have/has + past participle verb forms. The past participles are different for regular and irregular verbs.
Passive voice: They have been invited. It has been done. (See more at active and passive voice.)
Use
It describes activities that happened or started in the past and come up to now. It is often used with adverbs such as since, for, never, ever, already, yet, lately, recently, always, before, occassionally, or other time exepressions such as all the time, all week etc.
1. We use the present perfect simple tense to express activities or states that started in the past and continue up to now.
Examples: We have lived here since 2001. She has known me for more than two years. How long have they been here?
We have always worked in York. (We still work in York.) It has been quite cold lately. (It is still cold.)
2.It can describe an earlier experience, but the effects are important now.
Examples: She has been to London. (And so she knows London.) We have tasted this meal before. (And we do not want to try it again.)
Have you ever tried it? She has never read this book. We haven't seen it yet.
3. It is used for recent events that have a result now.
Examples: The bus hasn't arrived. (It did not arrived on time and we are still waiting now.) I have bought a new house. (I did it last month and it means that now I have a new address.)
Has she signed it yet? (Can I take the document?) I've already sent the letter. (There is no need to go to the post-office.) We have just heard the news. (We know about it.)
► Present perfect continuous form
Positive statement: I have been working, He has been working
Negative statement: I have not been working (I haven't been working), He has not been working
Question form: Have you been working?
Negative question: Have you not been working? (Haven't you been working?)
Use
1. We use the present perfect continuous tense for uninterrupted incomplete activities that began in the past, are continuing now and will probably continue in the future.
Examples: I have been playing tennis since I was 6 years old. She has been working here for 15 years.
2. It describes events that started some time ago and have only just finished.
Examples: I've been skiing all day. I'm so tired. - Hello! We've been waiting for you since 5 o'clock.
Note:
In some situations both forms are possible and there is practically no difference in their meaning. The continuous is more usual than the simple in the English language.
It has rained for a long time. It has been raining for a long time.
Verbs which can be used in this way include - learn, live, sleep, rain, sit, work, wait, stay ...
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